Kukho iimeko ezininzi ezingaqhelekanga ezinokubangela umonakalo kwi-generator.Ezinye zezi meko zisisiphumo sokusilela ngaphakathi kwijenereyitha okanye enye yeendlela eziphantsi kwayo kwaye ezinye zisuka kwinkqubo yamandla ngokwayo.Le theyibhile ilandelayo ishwankathela iintlobo zokungaphumeleli ezinokuthi zenzeke kunye neendlela ezinxulumene nazo zokukhusela.
Iimpazamo zeStator Ground
Ukungaphumeleli okuqhelekileyo okwenzekayo kwe-stator winding kukuphuka kwe-insulation phakathi kwesigaba esinye kunye nomhlaba.Ukungabonwa, le mpazamo inokonakalisa ngokukhawuleza i-core generator.Imililo inokwenzeka koomatshini abapholise umoya.Ikhono le-stator differential element ukufumanisa impazamo yomhlaba ngumsebenzi wombane okhoyo okhoyo.Ngaloo ndlela, ukhuseleko lomhlaba olunikezelweyo luyimfuneko ngokubanzi kwi-stator.
Iijenereyitha zibonelela ngamandla asetyenziswa yiyo yonke imithwalo kwisixokelelwano samandla kunye nobuninzi bamandla asebenzayo afunekayo ukubonelela ngezinto zokwazisa ngaloo ndlela kugcinwe amandla ombane enkqubo kumaxabiso aqhelekileyo.Iinkqubo zamandla zinomthamo omncinci wokugcina amandla.Ngaloo ndlela, isizukulwana esilahlekileyo kufuneka sitshintshwe ngokukhawuleza okanye umthamo olinganayo womthwalo kufuneka uchithwe.Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba inkqubo yokukhusela i-generator ikhuselekile kakhulu ngexesha lokuphazamiseka kwangaphandle.
Ijenereyitha yinxalenye yenkqubo entsonkothileyo ebandakanya i-prime mover, i-exciter, kunye neenkqubo ezahlukeneyo ezincedisayo.Ukongeza ekubhaqweni kweesekethe ezimfutshane, i-IED yokukhusela i-generator ngoko ke iyafuneka ukuze ibone uluhlu lweemeko ezingaqhelekanga ezinokonakalisa i-generator okanye enye ye-subsystems yayo.Iijenereyitha zinokuhlelwa zibe ziindidi ezimbini eziphambili: induction kunye ne-synchronous.Oomatshini bokwenziwa baqhele ukuba bancinci ngobungakanani, ukuhla ukuya kutsho kwikhulu le-kVA, kwaye baqhele ukuqhutywa kwi-injini ephindaphindayo.Oomatshini be-synchronous bahluka ngobukhulu ukusuka kumakhulu amaninzi e-kVA ukuya kwi-1200 MVA.
Iijenereyitha ze-synchronous zinokuqhutywa ziintlobo ngeentlobo zee-prime movers, ezibandakanya ii-injini eziphindaphindayo, ii-hydro turbines, ii-injini zokutsha, kunye nee-injini zomphunga ezinkulu.Uhlobo lweinjini yomoya luchaphazela uyilo lwejenereyitha kwaye ngoko lunokuchaphazela iimfuno zokhuseleko.Ubungakanani bejenereyitha kunye nendlela yokumisa nayo ichaphazela iimfuno zayo zokhuseleko.Oomatshini abancinci nabaphakathi bavame ukudibaniswa ngokuthe ngqo kwinethiwekhi yokusabalalisa (iqhagamshele ngokuthe ngqo).Kolu qwalaselo oomatshini abaninzi banokudityaniswa kwibhasi enye.Oomatshini abakhulu badla ngokudityaniswa nge-transformer yamandla ezinikeleyo kwinethiwekhi yothumelo (iyunithi edibeneyo).
I-transformer yamandla yesibini kwii-terminals zejeneretha inikeza amandla ancedisayo kwiyunithi.Iijenereyitha zisekwe ukuze kulawulwe ekonakalisweni kwamandla ombane kunye nokuququzelela ukusebenza kwemisebenzi yokhuseleko.Iijeneretha ezixhunyiwe ngokuthe ngqo zihlala zisekelwe kwi-impedance ephantsi ekhawulela umhlaba okhoyo ngoku kwi-200-400 amps.Oomatshini abaqhagamshelwe kwiyunithi ngokuqhelekileyo basekelwe kwi-impedance ephezulu ekhawulela okwangoku ukuya ngaphantsi kwe-20 amps.
Ukudibanisa ngokuthe ngqo, oomatshini abaphantsi kwe-impedance ephantsi, indlela yokukhangela ekhoyo ngoku isetyenziswa.Olu khuselo ludinga ukukhawuleza kunye novelwano kwiimpazamo zomhlaba zangaphakathi ngelixa ngexesha elifanayo likhuselekile ngexesha lokuphazamiseka kwangaphandle.Oku kunokufezekiswa kusetyenziswa isithintelo somhlaba esithintelweyo okanye into engathathi hlangothi.Isithintelo somhlaba esithintelweyo esiphunyezwe kwi-G30 kunye ne-G60 sisebenzisa i-symmetrical component restrint mechanism ebonelela ngeqondo eliphezulu lokhuseleko ngexesha leziphoso zangaphandle kunye ne-CT saturation ebalulekileyo.
Kwiyunithi eqhagamshelweyo, oomatshini abakwi-impedance ephezulu, iindlela ezisekelwe kwi-voltage zihlala zisetyenziselwa ukubonelela ngokubhaqwa komhlaba.Ukusebenzisa indibaniselwano yezinto ezingundoqo kunye nesithathu ze-harmonic voltage, ukugubungela impazamo yomhlaba kwi-100% ye-stator winding inokufezekiswa.I-GE relays isebenzisa into yesithathu yombane we-harmonic ephendula kumlinganiselo wokungathathi hlangothi kunye ne-terminal values ye-harmonic yesithathu.Le element ilula ukuseta kwaye ayivani nokwahluka kwimigangatho yesithathu ye-harmonic phantsi kokusebenza okuqhelekileyo.
Iimpazamo zeSigaba seStator
Iziphene zesigaba ezingabandakanyi umhlaba zingenzeka kwisiphelo sokujikoza okanye kwindawo yokubeka koomatshini abaneekhoyili zesigaba esifanayo kwindawo enye.Nangona impazamo yesigaba ayinakwenzeka kangako kunempazamo esemhlabeni, isiphumo sangoku esiphuma kwesi siphene asikhawulelwanga kukuthintelwa komhlaba.Ngoko ke kubalulekile ukuba ezi mpazamo zibonwe ngokukhawuleza ukuze kuthintelwe umonakalo kumatshini.Ekubeni inkqubo ye-XOR ratio iphezulu kakhulu kwi-generator, i-stator differential element ichaphazeleka ngokukodwa kwi-CT saturation ngenxa yecandelo le-DC langoku ngexesha lokuphazamiseka kwangaphandle.I-algorithm yokwahlukana kwe-stator ye-G60 yongeza ukhuseleko olongezelelweyo kwifomathi yokukhangela i-directional xa i-CT saturation ikrokrelwa ngenxa ye-AC okanye i-DC components yangoku.
Ixesha lokuposa: Jan-30-2023